MITRE ATT&CK / Software / S1228

PUBLOAD

ID
S1228
Type
Malware
Platforms
Windows
Source
attack.mitre.org
MITRE last modified
12 May 2026

PUBLOAD is a stager malware that has been observed installing itself in existing directories such as C:\Users\Public or creating new directories to stage the malware and its components.[1] PUBLOAD malware collects details of the victim host, establishes persistence, encrypts victim details using RC4 and communicates victim details back to C2. PUBLOAD malware has previously been leveraged by China-affiliated actors identified as Mustang Panda. PUBLOAD is also known as “NoFive” and some public reporting identifies the loader component as CLAIMLOADER.[2]

Techniques used (35)

Groups using it (1)

References

  1. 2022 November_TrendMicro_Earth Preta_Toneshell_Pubload
  2. 2025_IBM_PUBLOAD_TONESHELL_HIUPAN_CLAIMLOADER_MUSTANG PANDA